Thumb Curvature

Thumb curvature is a foot deformity known in medical language as hallux valgus. In this condition, the thumb slips outwards and bends towards the metatarsal bone of the foot. A protrusion forms on the side. Thumb curvature is usually caused by wearing tight, narrow or high-heeled shoes, genetic predisposition or abnormalities in the foot structure. In the later stages, it can cause pain, gait disturbance and difficulties such as shoe selection. Treatment methods include orthopedic insoles, foot exercises or, in severe cases, surgical intervention.

Table of Contents

• What is Thumb Curvature?
• Symptoms of Thumb Curvature
• Factors Causing Thumb Curvature
• Treatment Methods for Thumb Curvature
• Precautions to Prevent Thumb Curvature
• Thumb Curvature Treatment in Orthopedics and Traumatology
• Op. Dr. Özgür Oktay Nar’s Information About Thumb Curvature
• Frequently Asked Questions

What is Thumb Curvature?

Thumb curvature can be associated with a variety of comorbid conditions. Genetic predisposition, the presence of individuals with similar problems in your family can increase the risk of developing this deformity. In addition, abnormalities in the foot structure, especially flat feet or highly curved foot structures, also trigger thumb curvature. Frequent wearing of narrow and high-heeled shoes can increase the pressure on the thumb and lead to progression of the deformity. In addition, prolonged standing or missteps during walking also contribute to worsening the condition. All of these factors increase the risk of thumb curvature and negatively affect the quality of daily life.

Symptoms of Thumb Curvature

Symptoms usually manifest as discomfort and pain in and around the big toe. The big toe is often bent outwards and this causes a protrusion to form on the side. This protrusion causes pain and inflammation when in constant contact with shoes. There is also redness and swelling of the skin in the thumb area. During walking, there is discomfort, pressure and a feeling of strain in the thumb area. In advanced cases, the other toes may also be in the wrong position, making walking even more difficult. It can lead to foot deformities. These symptoms affect daily activities and reduce quality of life.

Factors Causing Thumb Curvature

The factors that causethumb curvature are quite diverse. Genetic predisposition and the presence of similar deformities in family members play an important role in the development of thumb curvature. In addition, natural abnormalities in the foot structure, such as flat feet or highly curved foot structures, also trigger this deformity. Frequent wearing of narrow, high-heeled or inappropriate shoes increases the pressure on the thumb and causes the curvature to progress. Factors such as prolonged standing, incorrect walking habits or foot trauma also worsen thumb curvature. The combination of these factors contributes to the development and progression of thumb curvature.

Treatment Methods for Thumb Curvature

Treatment methodsfor thumb curvature vary depending on the severity of the deformity and the general health status of the patient. In the initial phase, orthopedic insoles and special shoes that support foot health reduce the pressure on the thumb. In this way, it relieves pain. In addition, regular foot exercises and stretches increase the flexibility of the toe joints and slow down the progression. In case of inflammation and pain, anti-inflammatory drugs and cold compresses provide relief. However, in cases of advanced curvature and unresponsive to treatment, surgical intervention is required. Surgical options include correction of the deformity in the thumb joint. If necessary, reshaping of the bone is one of the treatment options. The treatment method is determined by the patient’s symptoms and quality of life and should be evaluated by a specialized orthopedist.

Precautions to Prevent Thumb Curvature

Various measures are taken to prevent thumb curvature. First of all, appropriate and comfortable shoes should be preferred to protect foot health. Narrow and high-heeled shoes should be avoided and shoes with wide and supportive soles should be used. Orthopedic insoles suitable for the foot structure reduce the risk of deformity by reducing the pressure on the thumb. In addition, foot exercises and stretching movements strengthen the thumb and surrounding muscles. This helps to prevent the formation of deformity. Regularly monitoring foot health and consulting an orthopedist if necessary is also important for early diagnosis and intervention. In addition, avoiding prolonged standing and incorrect walking habits plays an important role in reducing the risk of thumb curvature.

Thumb Curvature Treatment in Orthopedics and Traumatology

The treatment of thumb curvature in orthopedics and traumatology involves various approaches depending on the severity of the patient’s condition. In the initial phase, non-invasive methods are preferred. These include orthopedic insoles, special shoes and regular foot exercises that promote foot health. Orthopedic insoles relieve pressure on the thumb, while exercises increase the flexibility of the finger joints. Anti-inflammatory medications and physical therapies are also used to control inflammation and pain. However, in severe thumb curvature, surgical intervention is required. Surgical options include correcting the deformity of the thumb joint, reshaping the bone. If necessary, joint replacement procedures are included. Surgical treatment is usually performed to reduce pain, provide functional improvement and correct the deformity. The treatment process should be planned by a specialized orthopedist and traumatologist, taking into account the patient’s general health status and quality of life.

Op. Dr. Özgür Oktay Nar’s Information About Thumb Curvature

Op. Dr. Özgür Oktay Nar provides comprehensive information about curvature of the big toe (hallux valgus). Thumb curvature is a foot deformity characterized by the thumb sliding outward and the formation of a protrusion on the side. Dr. Nar states that this condition can be caused by various factors such as genetic predisposition, narrow and high heels, abnormalities in the foot structure. In the treatment process, orthopedic insoles, appropriate shoes and foot exercises are recommended in the early stages. These methods reduce the pressure on the thumb. In this way, it can relieve pain. However, surgical intervention is required in advanced deformities. Op. Dr. Nar states that surgical treatment options include correction of the deformity in the thumb joint. Dr. Nar emphasizes that it involves reshaping the bone. Treatment methods should be individualized according to the patient’s symptoms and quality of life. It should be carefully evaluated by a specialized orthopedist.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is thumb curvature and how does it occur?

Curvature of the big toe is a foot deformity known in medical language as hallux valgus. This condition is characterized by the thumb bending outwards and sliding towards the metatarsal bone. As the deformity progresses, a protrusion forms on the side of the thumb joint.

Thumb curvature is usually caused by factors such as genetic predisposition, abnormalities in the structure of the foot (e.g. flat feet or high arched feet), wearing narrow shoes with high heels. Shoes cause progression of the deformity by putting constant pressure on the thumb and keeping it in the wrong position. In addition, prolonged standing, incorrect walking habits and foot trauma also trigger this condition. The combination of these factors contributes to the development and worsening of thumb curvature over time.

What are the symptoms of thumb curvature?

Symptoms of thumb curvature are usually as follows:

-Thumb bending: The thumb is usually bent outwards and forms a protrusion on the side. This protrusion is usually in contact with the shoe.

-Pain and discomfort: Pain and discomfort can be experienced in the thumb joint. This pain may increase with prolonged standing, walking or wearing tight shoes.

-Redness and swelling: Redness and swelling in the thumb area, especially if there is inflammation around the joint.

-Fingers in the Wrong Position:When the thumb is crooked, the other fingers are also in the wrong position. This can lead to overlapping or pinching of the fingers.

-Difficulty walking: The deformity can cause discomfort and pressure during walking, which makes it difficult to walk.

-Difficulty choosing shoes: Curvature of the thumb can make it difficult to find suitable shoes and there may be difficulty wearing tight shoes. These symptoms may become more pronounced as the deformity progresses and may affect the person’s daily activities.

In which age group is thumb curvature usually seen?

Thumb curvature is usually seen in middle-aged and older individuals. However, it can occur in any age group. It is especially more common in people aged 30 and over. This is associated with changes in the foot structure and weakening of connective tissues with age. However, curvature of the big toe can also develop at a young age due to factors such as genetic predisposition and shoe choice. Especially wearing narrow and high-heeled shoes causes thumb curvature to start at an early age.

What factors can cause a curvature of the thumb?

Thumb curvature is caused by various factors;

-Genetic Predisposition: The presence of similar deformities in family members increases the risk of developing thumb curvature. Genetic factors cause the foot structure and connective tissues to be affected.

-Foot Structural Abnormalities: Flat feet, highly arched foot structure or other structural abnormalities predispose to thumb curvature. These conditions increase the pressure on the thumb.

-Narrow and High Heeled Shoes: Frequent wearing of narrow, high-heeled or mismatched shoes increases the pressure on the thumb. It contributes to the development of deformity.

-Wrong Walking Habits: Standing for a long time or wrong walking habits increase the pressure on the thumb. Therefore, it triggers deformity.

-Foot Traumas: Injuries or traumas in the foot area cause thumb curvature. It can also worsen the existing condition.

-Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Joint Diseases: Conditions such as arthritis and arthritis lead to deformities in the thumb joint. This worsens the thumb curvature.

The combination of one or more of these factors contributes to the development and progression of thumb curvature.

How is thumb curvature diagnosed?

-Physical Examination: An orthopedist or podiatrist performs a physical examination of the foot and toe area. Symptoms such as bending, protrusion and pain in the thumb are evaluated. The doctor checks the mobility of the thumb and the position of the other toes.

-X-ray :X-rays are usually taken to diagnose thumb curvature. X-rays show the deformities of the thumb joint and the position of the bone. These images help to assess the severity and extent of the deformity.

-Gait Analysis: In some cases, gait analysis is performed. This helps to assess the effects of thumb curvature on gait and abnormalities in foot structure.

-Patient History: The doctor inquires about the patient’s foot health and symptoms. Gathering information such as shoe habits, pain complaints and past foot traumas contributes to the diagnostic process.

These methods are used to confirm the diagnosis of thumb curvature and determine appropriate treatment options.

Which non-invasive methods are used in the treatment of thumb curvature?

Non-invasive methods used in the treatment of thumb curvature include the following:

Orthopedic Insoles: Specially designed insoles reduce the pressure on the foot and relieve the load on the thumb. These insoles slow down the progression of deformity by providing support suitable for the foot structure.

-Special shoes Wearing wide and supportive shoes reduces pressure on the thumb. In this way, comfort can be provided. It is recommended to avoid narrow and high-heeled shoes.

-Foot Exercises: Exercises that strengthen the thumb and foot joints and increase their flexibility slow the progression of the deformity. Exercises can improve thumb mobility and help reduce pain.

-Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Anti-inflammatory drugs (painkillers) are used to control pain and inflammation in the thumb joint.

-Soğuk Kompresler: Başparmak bölgesindeki şişliği ve ağrıyı azaltmak için soğuk kompresler uygulanmaktadır.

-Cold Compresses: Cold compresses are applied to reduce swelling and pain in the thumb area.

These non-invasive methods manage the symptoms of thumb curvature. They also help to slow the progression of the deformity. However, these methods do not always eliminate the need for surgical intervention.

What are the conditions that require surgical intervention and what surgical options are available?

Surgical intervention is usually required in the following cases in the treatment of thumb curvature (hallux valgus);

-Severe Deformity: If the curvature of the thumb is severe and does not respond to other treatment methods, surgical intervention is required. Severe deformity can cause pain to become constant and significantly affect daily life.

-Pain and Discomfort: Surgical intervention is recommended if there is persistent pain and discomfort that cannot be controlled with non-invasive treatment methods.

-Loss of Function: If there is a significant loss of gait and mobility due to thumb curvature, surgical intervention is considered.

-Deformation of the other fingers: If the thumb curvature causes the other fingers to be in the wrong position, these problems can also be corrected with surgical intervention.

Surgical Options:

-Osteotomy: In this method, an incision is made in the bone to correct the deformity of the thumb. The bone is fixed in a more correct position. This is a common method for correcting the thumb position.

-Arthrodesis: In this surgical technique, the deformity of the thumb joint is corrected and the joint is fused in the correct position. This method is used to reduce pain and improve functionality in the thumb joint.

-Reconstruction: This type of surgery involves reconstruction of the thumb and surrounding tissues. Depending on the cause of the deformity, various corrections are made to the bone, ligament and joint structures.

-Minimally Invasive Methods: In some cases, minimally invasive surgical techniques with smaller incisions can be used. These methods may result in less recovery time and less scarring.

Surgical intervention options are determined by an orthopedist depending on the individual needs of the patient and the severity of the thumb curvature. Each surgical option should be carefully evaluated in terms of risks and benefits.

How do orthopedic insoles and special shoes help in the treatment of thumb curvature?

Orthopedic insoles and special shoes play an important role in the treatment of thumb curvature. These non-invasive methods relieve symptoms by reducing the pressure on the thumb. In this way, the progression of the deformity can be slowed down.

-Orthopedic Insoles: Orthopedic insoles help to stabilize the pressure inside the foot and reduce the load on the big toe. These insoles provide support for the arch of the foot. Thus, the pressure on the thumb and surrounding joints is reduced. In addition, they can slow down the progression of thumb curvature by providing appropriate support for the foot structure. This also alleviates the pain.

-Specialized Footwear: Wide and supportive shoes provide comfort for individuals with thumb curvature. These shoes reduce the pressure on the thumb, minimizing the friction and pressure that causes the deformity. In addition, the special shoes support the thumb to stay in the correct position. This helps to prevent the progression of the deformity.

Both methods are used in the treatment of thumb curvature to provide relief and improve functionality. However, these methods usually help to manage symptoms and slow progression rather than correcting the deformity. Therefore, in more advanced cases, additional treatment options such as surgical intervention may be considered.

What measures can be taken to prevent thumb curvature?

Measures that can be taken to prevent thumb curvature include the following;

-Selection of Appropriate Footwear: Narrow, high-heeled or tight shoes should be avoided. Wide and comfortable shoes should be preferred. These shoes reduce the pressure on the thumb and reduce the risk of developing deformity.

-Use of Orthopedic Insoles: Using orthopedic insoles suitable for the foot structure can reduce the pressure on the thumb and support the arch of the foot. This can slow the development of deformity.

-Foot Exercises: Foot exercises and stretches should be performed regularly to increase the flexibility of the thumb and foot joints. These exercises strengthen the thumb muscles and can prevent deformity.

-Regular Foot Care: Regular care and cleaning should be done to maintain foot health. It is also important to rest your feet and avoid prolonged standing.

-Avoiding Wrong Walking Habits: During walking, it is important to use the correct stepping techniques and avoid wrong walking habits. In this way, the pressure on the thumb can be reduced.

-Attention to genetic predisposition: If there is a family history of thumb curvature, it is important to recognize this condition early and take precautions. Early diagnosis helps to prevent the progression of the condition.

-Avoiding Heavy Loads: Avoiding excessive loads or strenuous activities on the feet can prevent the development of thumb curvature.

These measures help to reduce the risk of thumb curvature and prevent the condition from progressing.

What complications can occur if thumb curvature is left untreated?

If thumb curvature is left untreated, various complications can arise;

-Increase in pain: As the thumb curvature progresses, the pain in the thumb joint may worsen. Persistent pain can make daily activities difficult and significantly affect quality of life.

-Joint Inflammation: Deformity can lead to problems such as inflammation and swelling in the thumb joint. This can cause constant discomfort and pain in the joint.

-Diğer Parmakların Deformasyonu: Başparmak eğriliği, diğer parmakların yanlış pozisyonda olmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu, parmaklar arasında sıkışma ve deformiteye yol açabilmektedir.

-Deformation of the other fingers: Thumb curvature causes the other fingers to be in the wrong position. This can lead to compression and deformity between the fingers.

-Psoriasis and calluses on the surface of the foot: Constant pressure on the thumb can cause calluses and psoriasis. These skin problems increase pain and discomfort.

-Chronic Pain When left untreated, chronic pain can develop due to thumb curvature. This seriously affects the quality of life of the person.

-Loss of Function: Long-term untreated thumb curvature causes loss of function in the thumb and surrounding joints. This can limit finger mobility.

-Gait and Posture Problems: Deformity can affect the structure of the foot and lead to impairments in daily activities such as gait and posture.

In addition to these complications, untreated thumb curvature also negatively affects overall foot health. Therefore, early intervention and treatment is important.